Building Regulations Explained
What Building Regulations cover, when you need approval, and how to get it.
5 min read · Updated 2026
Key takeaways
- ›Building Regulations are about how work is built, not whether you can build it.
- ›Most structural, electrical, drainage and heating work needs approval.
- ›Use a competent-person scheme tradesperson to self-certify the work.
What they cover
Building Regulations set standards for the construction of buildings to ensure safety, health, energy efficiency and access. They cover structure, fire safety, ventilation, drainage, electrical safety, combustion appliances, conservation of fuel and power, and access. They are separate from planning permission — a project can need one, both, or neither.
When you need approval
You usually need Building Regulations approval for:
- •Structural alterations (removing load-bearing walls, underpinning).
- •New extensions and loft conversions.
- •New or altered drainage and sanitary fittings.
- •Electrical work in kitchens, bathrooms and outdoors (notifiable under Part P).
- •Replacement windows and doors (unless fitted by a FENSA / CERTASS member).
- •Installation of a new boiler or heating system.
- •Cavity wall insulation and solid fuel heating.
How to comply
There are two routes. You can submit plans to your local council's Building Control and have an inspector visit at key stages (foundations, structure, drainage, completion). Or you can use a tradesperson registered with a competent-person scheme (NICEIC for electrics, Gas Safe for gas, FENSA for windows, etc.) who self-certifies the work and notifies Building Control for you. Either way, keep the completion certificate — a buyer's solicitor will ask for it.
Frequently asked
What happens if I do work without approval?
The council can require you to put it right, and you can struggle to sell the property. Indemnity insurance is a poor substitute for proper approval.
Related guides
Do I Need Planning Permission?
A plain-English guide to what usually needs permission and what does not.
The Party Wall Act Explained
What the Party Wall etc. Act 1996 covers and when you need to serve notice.
Permitted Development Rights Explained
What you can build without planning permission, and the limits to watch.
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